What Are The Reasons For Low Blood Oxygen Saturation

2025-04-03

Respiratory disorders, cardiovascular disorders, haematological disorders and environmental factors can lead to low oxygen saturation. The following are specific analyses:

1.Whether the partial pressure of inhaled oxygen is too low. When the oxygen content of the inhaled gas is insufficient, it can cause a decrease in oxygen saturation. According to the medical history, the patient should be asked whether he has ever been to high altitudes above 3000m, flying at high altitude, rising after diving, and poorly ventilated mines.

2.Whether there is airflow obstruction. It is necessary to consider whether there is obstructive hypoventilation caused by diseases such as asthma and COPD, the fall of the tongue base, and the obstruction of foreign body secretions in the respiratory tract.

3.Whether there is ventilation dysfunction. Think about whether the patient has severe pneumonia, severe tuberculosis, diffuse pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary edema, pulmonary embolism and other diseases that affect the ventilation function.

4.What is the quality and quantity of Hb that transports oxygen in the blood. The appearance of abnormal substances, such as CO poisoning, nitrite poisoning, and a large increase in abnormal hemoglobin, not only seriously affects the transport of oxygen in the blood, but also seriously affects the release of oxygen.

5.Whether the patient has proper colloid osmotic pressure and blood volume. Proper osmotic pressure and sufficient blood volume are one of the key factors for maintaining normal oxygen saturation.

6.What is the patient's cardiac output? To maintain the normal oxygen delivery of the organ, there should be sufficient cardiac output to support it.

7.Microcirculation of tissues and organs. The ability to maintain proper oxygen is also related to the body's metabolism. When the body's metabolism is too large, the oxygen content of venous blood will be significantly reduced. After venous blood passes through the shunted pulmonary circulation, it will cause more severe hypoxia.

8.The utilization of oxygen in surrounding tissues. Tissue cells can only use oxygen in the free state, and the oxygen combined with Hb can only be used by the tissue when it is released. Changes in pH, 2,3-DPG, etc. affect the dissociation of oxygen from Hb.

9.The strength of the pulse. Blood oxygen saturation is measured based on the change in absorbance caused by arterial pulsation, so the replacement device must be placed in a place with pulsatile blood. Any factors that weaken the pulsatile blood flow, such as cold stimulation, sympathetic nerve excitement, diabetes and arteriosclerosis patients, will reduce the measurement performance of the instrument. SpO2 cannot be detected in patients with cardiopulmonary bypass and cardiac arrest.

10.The last one, after eliminating all the above factors, don't forget that the oxygen saturation may be decreased due to the malfunction of the instrument.

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